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During his lifetime, Absalom built a monument to himself in the King's Valley, for he said, "I have no son to carry on my name".He named the monument after himself, and it is known as Absalom's Monument to this day. Thus the Bible in Samuel 2 (18: 18) describes one of the episodes in the tempestuous life of King David’s rebellious son, Absalom. Traditionally, the King’s Valley is thought to be the Kidron Valley, which runs alongside the City of David, between the Temple Mount and the Mount of Olives.
The structure that has long been identified with Absalom’s monument is an ancient rock-cut tomb with a conical roof, which is indeed located in the Kidron Valley. Modern scholarship, however, has dated the structure to the first century CE, proposing that it is in fact the nefesh, or monument, of a neighboring burial cave. Apparently, during the Second-Temple period it was de rigueur for wealthy Jerusalemites to build massive monuments alongside their tombs.
Still, even if it turns out that it isn’t the original Absalom’s Pillar, the structure – like the nearby Zechariah’s Tomb – stands as an important Jerusalem landmark and a prime example of Greek-inspired architecture in the Holy Land.
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Absalom’s Pillar (Yad Avshalom)

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The Karlin-Stolin Hassidic dynasty originated in the 18th-century with the Great Rabbi Aharon of Karlin in present-day Belarus. The Karlin-Stolin hassidim (followers) settled in Jerusalem around 1870 and established a synagogue in the Old City, which they named ‘Beis Aharon’ after a book authored by the second Rabbi Aharon of Karlin. After the synagogue was destroyed during Israel’s 1948 War of Independence, the Karlin-Stolin hassidim relocated to the Beit Yisrael neighborhood in west Jerusalem and established a new synagogue.

Beis Aharon Synagogue

Although initially built to invoke the memory of the synagogue that served the Hasidim in Europe, Jerusalem’s Belz Great Synagogue is anything but a replica of the original. The extravagant, massive structure is the largest synagogue in Jerusalem – probably the largest in the world, as well – and can host as many as 7,000 worshipers in its central sanctuary. Visible from the Route 1 city entrance, the resplendent synagogue resembles the Second Temple - a site in its own right, especially as it's lit up at night.
The synagogue was completed in the year 2000 after years of planning and fundraising and includes study halls, smaller synagogues for weekday prayers, libraries, dorms, and halls. The ark in the main sanctuary houses some 100 Torah scrolls and is 15 meters high. Visitors to the Belz Great Synagogue are advised to dress modestly (for women, skirts should extend below the knees and sleeves below the elbow), and come on a Saturday (Shabbat) or a Jewish holiday. Although it is not officially a tourist site, and some of the congregants may be suspicious of tourists, there is often someone on hand who will be happy to show you around this magnificent edifice.
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The Belz Great Synagogue

Davidson Center, the Jerusalem Archaeological Park, is located nearby the Western Wall in the Old City. Davidson Center is one of Jerusalem’s top tourist attractions due to its historical and archeological significance and, of course, its beauty

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The Jerusalem Archaeological Park - Davidson Center

Those who have visited Tzfat invariably tour the HaAri synagogue for its history and ornate decor. However, few know that there is another HaAri synagogue right in Jerusalem's Old City.

Rabbi Issac Luria, also known as The Ari, or "HaAri" (literally, "the lion," but also a Hebrew acronym meaning "the divine Rabbi Isaac"), was one of the most prominent mystics in Jewish history. The HaAri, who lived in the 16th century, for the most part in the north of Israel, established a school of Jewish mysticism known as Lurianic Kabbalah.

The system revolutionized Kabbalistic thought and continues to be hugely influential both among Jewish mystics and in the pop-Kaballah circles made famous (some would say, infamous) by such practitioners as Madonna, Ashton Kutcher, and David Beckham. According to tradition, the HaAri Synagogue in the Jewish Quarter of the Old City is located in the building where Luria was born and resided for 20 years.

Like several other houses of prayer, the HaAri Synagogue was established inside a residential building in order to avoid detection by the Ottoman authorities, who had forbidden the city’s Jews to engage in public prayer. The synagogue was destroyed during the Arab riots of 1936, but has since been restored.

HaAri Synagogue

David's Tomb is one of the most sacred sites you can visit while arriving at Mount Zion. 

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Tomb of King David, Mount Zion

The Mount of Olives is a high ridge that flanks ancient Jerusalem from the east and separates it from the Judean Desert. The ridge crowns Jerusalem from the east, starting from the slopes of Kidron river in the south and ending at Mount Scopus in the north. 

Mount of Olives, Jerusalem

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Mount Zion is the place of important sites and landmarks such as the Room of the Last Supper, King David’s Tomb, the Chamber of the Holocaust, and the Protestant Cemetery. In addition Oskar Schindler is buried here as a righteous gentile, and the Dormition Abbey is located here.

Mount Zion - Jerusalem

Located just outside of <a title="Getting to Bethlehem" href="/articles/travel-from-jerusalem-to-bethlehem/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Bethlehem</a>, along the road of the forefathers that connects Nablus and Hebron, Rachel's tomb is where Jews and Muslims believe the foremother Rachel was buried. Rachel was the wife of Jacob and mother of Joseph and Benjamin, and the burial site is holy to Jews, Muslims and Christians.
According to Jewish tradition, Rachel wept from her tomb as the Jews passed it on their way to the Babylonian exile, and it subsequently became a pilgrimage site for prayer and continues to be until this day, especially on holidays and the Hebrew date on the calendar commemorating Rachel's death. You will also see women collecting stones from around the tomb as part of a traditional belief that it will ease labor while giving birth.
The tomb is generally open 24 hours, but depending on the security situation it is sometimes closed from 10:00 pm at night until 12:00 pm the next day, and large groups may have to coordinate their visit with Israeli security.
Photo: Kluger Zoltan

Rachel's Tomb

The oldest synagogue in the Jewish Quarter, the Ramban Synagogue is named after the great Rabbi Moshe Ben Nachman (1194-1270), known as Nachmanides or the Ramban.
In 1267 he was saddened when he visited a devastated Jerusalem, and met only two Jews who worked as painters. "Great is the neglect and vast is the destruction... The entire Temple is utterly ruined, Jerusalem is thoroughly destroyed... And we found a house in ruins built with marble columns and a beautiful dome and we took it to the synagogue because the city is abandoned and anyone who wishes to take from the ruins can help himself," he wrote in a letter to his son.
The Ramban Synagogue was apparently originally built on Mount Zion, where the Jews of Jerusalem had lived previously, and was moved to its current location when the Jews entered the Jewish Quarter in the 14th-century. For many years this was the only synagogue in the city, and it matches the description given by Rabbi Ovadia of Bartenura (1440-1530) during his visit to Jerusalem in the 15th-century: "The synagogue in Jerusalem is built upon columns, and it is long and narrow and dark, and it has no light except from a single opening, and inside there is a water cistern."
The synagogue was closed in 1589 by order of the Ottoman ruler, and reopened for prayer after Israel recaptured the Old City in 1967, which happened to be the 700th anniversary year of the Ramban's visit to Israel.
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Ramban Synagogue Jerusalem

The Southern Wall is, along with the <a title="Western Wall" href="/city/jerusalem/the-jerusalem-western-wall/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Western Wall</a>, one of the remaining walls of the Old City dating back to the Second Temple expansion by King Herod during the era of Roman rule in Jerusalem.
In 1967, archaeologists shed new light on the significance of the Southern Wall when they uncovered the ancient staircase leading up to the gate, which was likely used by Jewish pilgrims, including Jesus of Nazareth, in ancient times to enter and exit the <a title="Temple Mount" href="/city/jerusalem/temple-mount/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Temple Mount</a> during holidays such as Passover and Sukkot.
According to Islamic tradition, Muhammad tied his horse to the wall before ascending to the Temple Mount for his ascension.
This discovery is considered one of the most important in the Old City, alongside that of the <a title="Western Wall Tunnels" href="/city/jerusalem/western-wall-tunnels/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Western Wall tunnels</a>.

The Southern Wall

The Temple Mount plaza is built on top of a hill which according to Jewish tradition, is identified as Mount Moriah - the most sacred place for the Jewish people, where the world was created and the binding of Isaac took place. According to Jewish law, this is the only place where the Temple can be built in the future. 

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The Temple Mount

Modeled after the Jewish Holy Temple, Jerusalem’s Great Synagogue is a majestic structure located on King George Street in the center of town. The Great Synagogue was established in 1982 after the adjacent Heichal Shlomo building could no longer contain the throngs of worshipers who were turning up for Sabbath services every week.
The Great Synagogue is dedicated to the memory of those who perished in the Holocaust, as well as Israel’s fallen in the 1948 War of Independence. Services in the main sanctuary on Shabbat and holidays are regularly led by top hazzanim (cantors) in the old Ashkenazi style.
The sanctuary houses breathtaking stained-glass windows and a magnificent chandelier hanging above the ark, and the acoustics  effectively  transmit the professional choir's renditions.
There is also a Sephardic synagogue in the building, and a collection of contemporary mezuzah cases that is among the largest in the world. Those who enjoy the old-world splendor of Ashkenazi liturgical music are advised to stop by on a Saturday morning for Sabbath services – it’s a rare treat.

The Great Synagogue

The Hurva Synagogue is considered the most incredible and magnificent synagogue in the Jewish Quarter and is a testimony to the renewal of the Ashkenazi Jewish settlement in Jerusalem.

The Hurva Synagogue

The Western Wall, considered the most sacred site for prayer and religious and national gatherings, has a magnetic appeal for the Jewish people. Many tourists, visitors, and worshippers visit the site, which is one of the most popular and highly recommended attractions in Jerusalem.

The Western Wall

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The massive wall visible on the eastern side of the courtyard, on the right side of those entering it, is part of the Western Wall that remained exposed, despite the crowded Mameluke buildings that are adjacent to the Temple Mount and conceal most parts of the Western Wall.

The Small Western Wall (Hakotel Hakatan)

Samuel was one of the more striking personalities of the Bible, ruling the Jewish people as a prophet during the time of the Judges and serving as the kingmaker of both King Saul and Saul’s successor, King David. According to a biblical tale, Samuel’s mother, Hannah, was bereft of children for many years, and gave birth to her only son only after she pledged to enlist him in the service of God at the Tabernacle in Shiloh.
Known as Nebi Samuel, the site traditionally recognized as Samuel’s grave is situated atop a steep hill to the north of the Jerusalem neighborhood of Ramot. The site contains an 18th-century mosque, built on the remains of a Crusader-era fortress; the tomb and a small synagogue are located in an underground chamber underneath the mosque. The Bible's Book of Samuel states that the prophet was buried in his hometown of Rama, to the east of the site. But the 12th-century Jewish traveler, Benjamin MiTudela, tells us that the Crusaders have re-entered Samuel’s remains at the top of the hill overlooking Jerusalem.
Due to its elevation and strategic importance, the Tomb of Samuel has played host to several battles in the modern era. Although excavations have not unearthed remains from Samuel’s time, both Jewish and Muslim prayers are held regularly at the site, with many religious Jews visiting on the anniversary of Samuel’s death, the 28th of Iyar, in the springtime.

The Tomb of Samuel - Nebi Samuel

Simeon the Just (or Shimon HaTzaddik) was a Jewish High Priest during the time of the Second Temple and one of the sages of the early Tannaic period

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The Tomb of Simeon the Just

The Tzemach Tzedek Synagogue was purchased with the aid of David Sassoon of Bombay in 1858 CE, and a second story was added with another synagogue and a yeshiva in 1879 CE. The additional institutions were named Knesset Eliyahu after Elias Sassoon of Bombay.
The building has never been destroyed although it stood in the heart of the heaviest fighting in the Jewish Quarter during the War of Independence. The late Rabbi Moshe Segal, a Chabad hassid, entered the building shortly after the capture of the city in the six-day war and slept there the first night to personally guard the building.
He lived alone in the Jewish Quarter for almost a year until his wife agreed to join him. During the British Mandate, he blew the Shofar at great risk at the Western Wall to mark the end of Yom-Kippur in defiance of mandate regulations.

Chabad's Tzemach Tzedek Synagogue

The Western Wall (The Kotel in Hebrew) is impressive on its own, but when you descend underground to the Western Wall Tunnels, you discover its true greatness.