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Christian Sites In Jerusalem

Attractions

Christian Holy Sites

This is a wide compound, housing the representative of the Vatican in the Holy Land, the Latin patriarch. The compound houses the Patriarchate offices, an impressive cathedral, and also a hospice.

The Latin Patriarchate

The Church of All Nations is located near the Garden of Gethsemane in the western part of Mount Olives, where, according to Christian tradition, Jesus prayed his last prayer. 

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Church of All Nations & Gathsemane

Gethsemane is where according to the Christian tradition and as described in the New Testament, Jesus prayed his last prayer the night before his crucifixion and was tormented before being handed over to the Romans by Judas Iscariot.

The Garden of Olives - Gethsemane

The Mount of Olives is a high ridge that flanks ancient Jerusalem from the east and separates it from the Judean Desert. The ridge crowns Jerusalem from the east, starting from the slopes of Kidron river in the south and ending at Mount Scopus in the north. 

Mount of Olives, Jerusalem

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The Garden Tomb is an especially popular site, brimming with lush green niches, making it a definite item on your list to visit. The garden is quiet and tranquil, suitable for prayer and reflection. There is no need to reserve in advance, but we recommend coordinating a visit nevertheless, by phoning 02-6272745, especially for groups.

The Garden Tomb

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The Armenian Quarter is the smallest among Jerusalem’s Quarters, and it is actually an ancient monastery and the abode of the Armenian Patriarchate. The origin of the Armenians is from the areas of Van Lake and Ararat Mountain in modern North - Eastern Turkey. 

The Armenian Patriarchate, Armenian Quarter

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On both sides of the alley stands the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate, the oldest of Jerusalem’s Patriarchates. Its flags can be seen waving from the alley’s vantage point. 

The Greek Orthodox Patriarchate

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This is a Catholic nunnery, housing a hospice and an international learning center. Its construction was completed in 1860. The convent was founded by the converted Jew Alphonse Ratisbonne, founder of sisterhood “Our Lady of Zion”. Ratisbonne and his brother Theodor established in Jerusalem two additional monasteries, one in Ein Karem, and the other in the margins of Rechavia neighborhood. The Sisters of Zion see their aim as being the promotion of justice and understanding with the Jewish people.

Under the monastery, in a large underground hall, there is a large water pool carved in the stone. This is part of the Struthion Pool (the Greek word for “lark”, Probably due to the fact that it was relatively smaller than other pools in Jerusalem). This pool was built during the Second Temple era, north of the Antonia Fortress, in the moat that protected it, and also served as its water source.

The pool was unroofed, but after the failure of the Bar Kokhba Revolt in 135 AD, when Jerusalem became a pagan Roman city during the days of Adrianus Caesar, a dome was added to cover the pool. A big stone-paved courtyard was built above the dome. The remnants of this courtyard are also located under the Convent of the Sisters of Zion. Remnants of the Roman victory gate were integrated into the monastic church, which was probably also built during the era of Adrianus Caesar. The entrance into the archeological remnants is with payment.

The Convent of the Sisters of Zion- the Ecce Homo Convent

The Church of the Nativity is one of the holiest sites in Christian tradition, which holds that the church was built on top of the cave where Jesus of Nazareth was born. The church was first built under the auspices of the Roman emperor Constantine the Great in 135 AD and has been refurbished and added to numerous times since. Inside the church, you can visit the Milk Grotto, which is said to be the actual cave where Mary gave birth to Jesus.
The church is a popular tourist destination year-round and the site of a particularly festive celebration on Christmas, when masses of people from all over the world gather inside and outside the church for services that are shown on a large screen in Manger Square.
The site is also holy to Muslims, who consider Jesus one of the prophets of Allah, and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Church of the Nativity

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The Church of Mary Magdalene is a Russian church on the western slopes of the Mount of Olives. The church was nicknamed the Onion Church thanks to its domes shape on its minarets that look like golden onions.

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Church of Mary Magdalene

The Church of the Holy Sepulcher is the most sacred site for millions of Christian believers

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre

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The Church of St. Anne is located near the <a title="The Lions Gate" href="/city/jerusalem/lions-gate/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Lion's Gate</a> in the Muslim Quarter of the Old City. Built between 1131 and 1168 AD, the church is best known for its typical medieval architecture and near-perfect acoustics that make it a destination for soloists and choirs.

Church of St. Anne

The Dome of the Ascension is west of the Dome of the Rock. It is a church with a cruciform structure from the 12th century used as a Christian baptismal chapel that preserves the memory of Jesus' ascension to heaven 40 days after his resurrection. With the city's conquest by the Muslims, the dome was dedicated to commemorating the ascension of the Prophet Muhammad to heaven. Today the building serves as an office of the Waqf.

Dome of the Ascension

In the Kidron Valley, at the foot of the Mount of Olives, near the Garden of Gethsemane and the Church of All Nations, lies Mary’s Tomb

The Tomb of Virgin Mary

The Stations of the Cross are 14 points along the Way of the Cross in the Old City leading from the Church of the Flagellation to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. Each Station is marked with a picture, sculpture or etching into the walls of the Old City along the route commemorating the following events that occurred during Jesus's path to crucifixion:

<ul style="text-align: justify;">
 	<li>Jesus is Condemned to Die.</li>
 	<li>Jesus is made to Bear His Cross.</li>
 	<li>Jesus Falls the First Time</li>
 	<li>Jesus Meets His Mother</li>
 	<li>Simon Helps Jesus Carry His Cross</li>
 	<li>Veronica Wipes Jesus’ Face</li>
 	<li>Jesus Falls the Second Time</li>
 	<li>Jesus Meets the Women of Jerusalem</li>
 	<li>Jesus Falls the Third Time</li>
 	<li>Jesus is Stripped.</li>
 	<li>Jesus is nailed to the Cross.</li>
 	<li>Jesus Dies on the Cross</li>
 	<li>Jesus is Taken Down from the Cross.</li>
 	<li>Jesus is laid in the Tomb</li>
</ul>
Thousands of Christian pilgrims come from all over the world to walk the Way of the Cross and visit each station.
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The Stations of the Cross

This compound contains two interesting sites: Saint Anne’s Church, which stands on the right side and its entrance is free of charge, and the Pool of Bethesda- an archeological site with paid entrance.

Saint Anne’s Church

According to the Catholic tradition, the house of Anne- Hanna in Hebrew, was located here, where she lived with her husband Joachim and raised her daughter Miriam- mother of Jesus. The church was built by the crusaders during the 12th century.

This is a beautiful Romanesque building characterized by a simple structure, with thick walls and few decorations. A few years after the occupation of the kingdom of Jerusalem by Salah A-Din in 1187, the church became a Madrasa- a school for religious studies. Under the entrance arch there is an Arab inscription that glorifies Salah A-Din. During the Ottoman regime, the building was deserted and in the middle of the 19th century, it was transferred to the French government and the Catholic “White Fathers” order. The monks rehabilitated the church and exposed the remnants of the ancient churches adjacent to the church. The friendly monks of this order walking around the courtyard can by identified by their white robes.

The church has extraordinary acoustics. It functions as a perfect sound box for the human voice, and therefore it is recommended that you enter the place when groups or individuals are singing or praying. Inside the church, we can see on the left side of the entrance gate a statue of Anne with her child Miriam, the mother to be of Jesus. According to the tradition, Miriam’s parents, Anne and Joachim, were a rich and childless couple. They dedicated their money for charity. According to the tradition, Joachim made pilgrimage to the Temple Mount to bring his sacrifice, but one of the people present at the temple pushed him away, claiming that whoever did not bear children could not make a sacrifice.

Shamed and full of sorrow, Joachim escaped to the hills, where an angle appeared in front of him, commanding him to return to Jerusalem and meet his wife Anne next to the beautiful gate. The angle also apprised him about the expected birth of their daughter Miriam. Miriam was consecrated to the temple and served there until her engagement to Josef. On the right side of the gate one can see the staircase leading to an underground tunnel- a Crypt, which indicates Miriam’s place of birth.

In the courtyard of the church there is an archeological site named “Bethesda” (entrance for fee), one of the most impressive archeological sites in the old city, containing remnants of two ancient pools, a roman temple and two large churches- the first one is Byzantine, and the other is a Crusader church.

The small valley on the left side served as a water reserve from ancient times, after a damm was built at its opening in order to store the rain water of the Beit Zeita Stream that runs from the north.

After the destruction of the Second Temple, the Romans established here magnificent bath houses and a temple for the Roman Medicine God- Asclepius. After Christianity became the prevalent religion, a large basilica was established at the site during the 5th century, commemorating the birth of Miriam and the “Bethesda Miracle”.

The church was established upon an embankment that separated both pools, and part of it stood over one pool, supported by pillars which can be seen till this day. The church was damaged by the Persians in 614 and almost completely wiped out during the Muslim rule. During the Crusader era, the site was renewed. The crusaders separated between the two traditions, building a chapel upon the ruins of the Byzantine church commemorating the Bethesda Miracle. This church is smaller than its predecessor, and the remnants of its walls can be seen in the upper part, as well as Saint Anne’s Church.

If you chose to enter the Archeological site, it’s recommended that you tour the marked trails, where you can see the remnants of the basilica, descend to the water wells and observe the remnants of the Roman temple.

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The Catholic Saint Anne’s Church and the Pool of Bethesda

The Russian Church named after Alexander Nevsky was built between the years 1896-1903. Alexander Nevsky was a Russian military leader who lived during the 13th century. Due to his success in expanding Russia’s borders, he won the public’s admiration and became a patron saint of the Tsar Alexander the 3rd.

During the second half of the 19th century, the Tsar established many buildings, which decorate the streets of Jerusalem to this day. The Russian consulate was supposed to be built here, next to a crusaders’ hospice, but the discovery of significant archeological findings changed the plan.

During the construction works, part of the Byzantine cardo was discovered at the site, as well as remnants of an original portal of the Byzantine Church of the Holy Sepulcher, and also remnants of the Roman forum built during the second century AD. The forum is a market platform with a victory gate situated at its corner. According to the Christian faith, this is the trial gate from the Second Temple era: a gate built into the walls of Jerusalem during these times, where Jesus exited the city towards the place of his crucifixion.

The church is built in the Baroque style, decorated with red and white stones. The symbol of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society appears on top of the building. The Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society is the institution that established the Russian institutions during the Ottoman era. The symbol contains the Greek letters Xi and Ro- the initials of the word “Xristos”, messiah in Greek. The society’s flag waves on top of the building alongside the Russian flag.

In front of this church stands the Lutheran church of the Savior, which was built in a Neo-Romanesque style on top of the crusader church, and was inaugurated in 1898 in the presence of the German emperor Wilhelm the 2nd.

The Church of Alexander Nevsky

A beautiful church located at the birthplace of John the Baptist

Church of John the Baptist, Ein Karem 

The Benedictine Monastery in Abu Ghosh has been in the village for about 1,000 years, since the time of the Crusades, and includes the Church of the Resurrection. According to Christian belief, Abu Ghosh stands in Emmaus, the place where Jesus revealed himself to his disciples after he was resurrected, and the Church of the Resurrection is devoted to celebrating that revelation. The beautiful monastery was active until the end of the 15th-century, and for some 300 years it stood empty, until the Benedictine presence was renewed and the compound was rebuilt and renovated. It is surrounded by lush greenery, and the walls abound with frescoes, some of which date back to the 12th century.
A fountain flows out from a crypt at the base of the monastery. The monastery echoes with music all year round, but twice a year, the public can come and enjoy the choral music festivals that are held there and at the Notre-Dame de l'Arche d'Alliance church at the other side of town. Besides singing, the monks of the monastery engage in a variety of activities, including preparing lemon liqueur and throwing pots at the local studio. All of the products are sold in a store adjacent to the monastery.

Benedictine Abbey of Abu Ghosh

Located just outside Jerusalem's Old City, on the eastern slope of Mount Zion, the Roman Catholic Church of St. Peter in Gallicantu is situated on the spot where, according to tradition, Jesus was jailed after his arrest by the Romans. The church's name is a reference to the crowing of the cock during Peter's triple denial of Jesus.
The Church of St. Peter in Gallicantu was built in 1931 on the remains of a succession of other churches, the oldest of which was a Byzantine shrine to Peter's repentance constructed in 457 CE. As such, it is a composite of various epochs and styles, combining ancient works of art with modern design. Among the more impressive fixtures are a huge mosaic depicting New Testament figures, and, in the courtyard, a statue that describes Jesus' denial by Peter.
The church also extends below ground, incorporating stone from ancient grottoes in the lower chapel. Descending further below ground level, one arrives at a series of Second Temple-era chambers, where Jesus was perhaps imprisoned. A staircase leading down to the Kidron Valley on the northern side of the church is said to have served as a passage between the upper and the lower cities during the time of the First Temple.

Church of St. Peter in Gallicantu